Glossary - D

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

D.A.F.
Damage Report
Damaged Cargo Report
Dampener
Dangerous Goods
Dangerous Goods Declaration
Data Plate
D.D.P.
D.D.U.
Deadweight
Decision Support System
Deck
Deckboard
Deck Load
Declaration of Origin
Declared Value for Carriage
Decoupling Inventory
Decoupling Point
Deep Tank
Degroupage
Delivered at Frontier (...named place)
Delivered Duty Paid (...named place of destination)
Delivered Duty Unpaid (...named place of destination)
Delivered Ex Quay (...named port of destination)
Delivered Ex Ship (...named port of destination)
Delivering Carrier
Delivery
Delivery Instruction
Delivery Order
Delivery Party
Delivery Schedule
Delivery Service
Demise Charter
Demountable Body
Demurrage
Density
Density of Commodity
Depalletizer
Dependent Demand
Depot
D.E.Q.
Derrick
D.E.S.
Despatch
Despatch Days
Despatch Note (for post parcels)
Destination
Det Norske Veritas
Detention
Detention Charge
Deterioration
Devanning
Deviation from a Route
Devider
DFB
DFB Boxcar
DF Crossmember
DF1 or DF2 Boxcars
Die-Cut
Dimensional Load
Dimensions
Direct Delivery
Direct Interchange
Direct Route
Disboursement
Discharge
Discrepancy
Discrete Code
Dispatch
Displacement
Disposable Inflatable Dunnage (DID)
Disposable Pallet
Dispositioning
Distribution
Distribution Centre
Distribution Channel
Distribution Packaging
Distribution Requirements Planning
Distribution Resource Planning
Diversion
Divided Load
Divider or Compartmentizer Car
Divider Sheets
Dividers
Divisional or Intermediate Gate
Dock Bumpers
Dock Plate
Dock Receipt
Document
Document Holder
Dolly
Domestic Carriage
Domestic Rate
Door Lock Bars
Door to Door Transport
Doorpost, nailable steel
Doorposts
Doorway Area
Doorway Protection
Double Banking
Double-deck Pallet
Double-Door Car
Double-Face Corrugated
Double Seam
Double Stack Train
Double-Wall Car
Double Wall Corrugated
Draft
Draft Gear
Draught
Drawback
Drayage
Drilling Rig
Dropoff Charge
D.R.P.-I
D.R.P.-II
Drum
Dry Bulk Container
Dry Cargo Container
Dry Solids in Bulk
D.S.S.
Dunnage
Duty Free Zone
D.W.T.

D.A.F.

See Delivered at Frontier (...named place).

Damage Report

Form on which damage to e.g. container/chassis is recorded.

Damaged Cargo Report

Written statement concerning established damages to cargo and/or equipment.

Dampener

Any material or device used to reduce vibration.

Goods are to be considered dangerous if the transport of such goods might cause harm, risk, peril, or other evil to people, environment, equipment or any property whatsoever. Those substances classified as dangerous by the United Nations Committee of experts on the transport of dangerous goods or by the competent authority.

Dangerous Goods Declaration

Document issued by a consignor in accordance with applicable conventions or regulations, describing haradous goods or materials for transport purposes, and stating that the latter have been packed and labelled in accordance with the provisions of the relevant conventions or regulations.

Data Plate

A metal identification plate affixed to a container which displays among others the gross and tare weights and external dimensions.

D.D.P.

See Delivered Duty Paid (...named place of destination).

D.D.U.

See Delivered Duty Unpaid (...named place of destination).

Deadweight

Abbreviation: D.W.T.

The total weight of cargo, cargo equipments, bunkers, provisions, water, stores and spare parts which a vessel can lift when loaded to her maximum draught as applicable under the circumstances. The deadweight is expressed in tons.

Decision Support System

Abbreviation: D.S.S.

An interactive computer-based system which generates a number of alternatives to solve an unstructured problem. These alternatives are being interpreted by the manager (decision-maker), whereafter he decides which alternative is to be used to solve the problem.

Deck

Any extended horizontal structure in a vessel or an aircraft, serving as a floor and structural support, covering, partially or fully, a portion of the vessel or aircraft.

Deckboard

A) A plywood sheet used to distribute pressure, placed between a DF type crossmember and the face of a load. Preferable to have this sheet the same size as that of the load face.
B) A separate between layers.

Deck Load

A load in which part of the shipping containers or articles are supported on a framework which may be a permanent or temporary part of the rail vehicle.

Declaration of Origin

Appropriate statement as to the origin of the goods, made in connection with their exportation by the manufacturer, producer, supplier, exporter or other competent person on the commercial invoice or any document relating to goods.

Declared Value for Carriage

The value of the goods, declared to the carrier by the shipper for the purpose of determining charges or of establishing the limit of the carrier s liability for loss, damage or delay. It is also the basis for possible applicable valuation charges (aircargo).

Decoupling Inventory

A stock retained to make the independent control of two successive operations possible.

Decoupling Point

The point in the product axis to which the customer s order has a direct impact.

Deep Tank

Tank fitted and equipped for the carriage of vegetable oil (e.g. pal oil and coconut oil) and other liquids in bulk. By means of oiltight bulkheads and/or decks it is possible to carry different kinds of liquid in adjacent tanks. Deep tanks may be equipped with heating facilities in order to carry and discharge oil at the required temperatures (shipping).

Degroupage

Splitting up shipments into small consignments.

Delivered at Frontier (...named place)

Abbreviation: D.A.F.

The seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available, cleared for export, at the named point and place at the frontier, but before the "customs border" of the country named in the contract.

Delivered Duty Paid (...named place of destination)

Abbreviation: D.D.P.

The seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available at the named place in the country of importation. The seller has to bear all costs and risks of loss and damage involved or delivering the goods therto (including duties, taxes and other charges).

Delivered Duty Unpaid (...named place of destination)

Abbreviation: D.D.U.

The seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available at the named place in the country of importation. The seller has to bear the costs and risks involved in bringing the goods thereto (excluding duties, taxes and other official charges payable upon importation) as well as the costs and risks of carrying out customs formalities.

Delivered Ex Quay (...named port of destination)

Abbreviation: D.E.Q.

The seller is responsible for making the goods available to the buyer on the quay at the port of destination named in the contract. The seller has to bear all costs and risks of loss or damage involved in binging the goods there. The risk of loss or damage to the goods is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods are made available, In respect of the liability to clear the goods for import, it is recommended to use the full descriptions, namely "Delivered ex quay (duty paid)" and "Delivered ex quay (duties on buyer s account).

Delivered Ex Ship (...named port of destination)

Abbreviation: D.E.S.

The seller is responsible for making the goods available to the buyer on board the ship uncleared for import at the port of destination namede in the contract. The seller has to bear all costs and risks involved in bringing the goods to the named port of destination. The buyer is responsible for their discharge from the ship. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods in transferred from the seller to the buyer when the ship has arrived at the discharge port and the goods are available for unloading.

Delivering Carrier

The carrier who delivers the consignment to the consignee or his agent (aircargo).
The transportation line by which a shipment is delivered to the consignee at destination.

Delivery

The process of delivering the consignment to the consignee at the agreed time and place. The act of transferring possession, such as the transfer of property from consignor to carrier, one carrier to another, or carrier to consignee.

Delivery Instruction

Document issued by a buyer giving instructions regarding the details of the deliverey of goods ordered.

Delivery Order

1) A document issued by or on behalf of the carrier authorising the release of import cargo identified thereon and manifested under a single Bill of Lading (shipping).
2) The authorizaion of the entitled party for the shipment to a party other than the consignee showed on the Air Waybill (aircargo).

Delivery Party

The party to which goods are to be delivered.

Delivery Schedule

The required and/or agreed time of delivery of goods or services, purchased for a future period.

Delivery Service

The carriage of inbound consignments from the airport of destination to the address of the consignee or his designated agent or th the customdy of the appropriate custom department agency when required (aircargo).

Demise Charter

A contract whereby the shipowner leases his vessel to the charterer for a period of time during which the whole use and management of the vessel passes to the charterer, which involves that the charterer is to pay all expenses for the operation and maintenance of the vessel. Officers and crew will become servants of the charterer. A demise charter whereby the charterer has the right to place his own master and crew on board of the vessel is also called "bareboat charter".

Demountable Body

A box of a motor freight vehicle (chassis or trailer) so constructed as to be used interchangeably on flat car equipment of railroads.

Demurrage

1) A variable fee charged to carriers and/or customers for the use of Unit Load Devices (U.L.D.'s) owned by a carrier beyond the free time of shipment (aircargo).
2) Additional charge imposed for exceeding the free time which is included in the rate and allowed for the use of a certain equipment.

Density

Weight per unit volume.

Density of Commodity

The mass of a commodity to its volume.

Depalletizer

A machine for unloading cases or packages from pallets. Depalletizers ordinarily feed the unloaded cases or packages to a conveyor.

Dependent Demand

A demand directly related to or derived from the demand for other items or end products. Dependent demands are therefore calculated, and need not and should not be forecast.

Depot

The place designated by the carrier where empty containers are kept in stock and received from or delivered to the container operators or shippers.

D.E.Q.

See Delivered Ex Quay (...named port of destination).

Derrick

Lifting equipment on board a vessel for loading and discharging cargo, consisting of a post attached to the deck and an inclined spar.

D.E.S.

See Delivered Ex Ship (...named port of destination).

Despatch

The process of sending goods. Synonym: Dispatch.

Despatch Days

The days gained if the free time included in the rate and allowed for the use of a certain equipment is not fully used.

Despatch Note (for post parcels)

Document which, according to the agreement concerning postal parcels, is to accompany post parcels.

Destination

1) Place for which goods or a vehicle is bound.
2) Ultimate stopping place according to the contract of carriage (aircargo).

Det Norske Veritas

Norwegian classification society.

Detention

Keeping equipment beyond the time allowed.

Detention Charge

Charges levied on usage of equipment exceeding free tim e period as stipulated in the pertinent inland rules and conditions.

Deterioration

The impairment of quality, or usefulness of an item: degradation.

Devanning

See Stripping.

Deviation from a Route

A divergence from the agreed or customary route.

Devider

A vertically mounted partition in a compartment on board of an aircraft (aircargo). Synonym: Partition.

DFB

Dunnage Free Bulkhead.

DFB Boxcar

An "XL" car having adjustable bulkheads as permanent load securement devices.

DF Crossmember

See Crossmembers.

DF1 or DF2 Boxcars

An "XL" car equipped with crossmembers and rails as permanent load securement devices. The crossmembers must be secured to these steel rails attached to side walls of car and used in conjunction with buffer material, plywood sheets or wood gates.

Die-Cut

A) A method of prepartion in which a part or container has been cut, slotted, and scored or any combination of these by custom made dies;
B) A part so made.

Dimensional Load

Any load (shipment) which exceeds the normal width or height or length which is allowed for rail movement, is called a Dimensional Load and must have special permission or clearance before it can be forwarded.

Dimensions

Measurements in length, width and height, regarding cargo.

Direct Delivery

1) The conveyance of goods directly from the vendor to the buyer. Frequently used if a third pary acts as intermediary agent between vendor and buyer.
2) Direct discharge from vessel onto railroad car, road vehicle or barge with the purpose of immediate transport from the port area (usually occurs when ports lack adequate storage space or when ports are not equipped to handle a specific cargo).

Direct Interchange

Transfer of lease equipment from one lessee to another (container).

Direct Route

The shortest operated route between two points (aircargo).

Disboursement

Sums paid out by a ship s agent at a port and recovered from the carrier.

Discrepancy

Difference between the particulars given and the particulars found.

Discrete Code

A bar code in which the spaces between characters (intercharacter gaps) are not part of the code as each character begins and ends with a bar. The spaces can therefore vary in width, specified tolerances. An example in USS 39.

Dispatch

See Despatch.

Displacement

The weight of the quantity of water displaced by the vessel. The desplacement of the vessel on her light draft represents the weight of the vessel ready for use including sotres etc.

Disposable Inflatable Dunnage (DID)

A plyethylene bladder enclosed in and supported by plies (6-ply, 4-ply, 2-ply) of heavy Kraft paper capable of maintaining designated air pressure. Used in transportation vehicles, per AAR commodity and loading publications, to fill lenthwise and/or crosswise voids.

Disposable Pallet

Pallet intended to be discarded after a single cycle of use. Synonym: One-way pallet. Expendable pallet.

Dispositioning

All activities relating to the inland movement of empty and or full containers.

Distribution

The process of allocating and transporting goods to various parties.

Distribution Centre

A warehouse for the receipt, the stowage and the distribution of goods. Synonym: Branch Warehouse.

Distribution Channel

The routhe by which a company distributes goods.

Distribution Packaging

Refers to integrated package and product handling from factory to point of sale.

Distribution Requirements Planning

Abbreviation: D.R.P.-I.

The function of determining the need to replenish stock at branch warehouses.

Distribution Resource Planning

Abbreviation: D.R.P.-II.

The set of concepts, procedures and techniques, being an extension of D.R.P.-I for the effective planning and control of the physical distribution.

Diversion

Any change in the billing after shipment has been received by the carrier at point of origin and prior to delivery at destination.

Divided Load

A load which consists of two or more sections.

Divider or Compartmentizer Car

An "XL" boxcar having adjustable bulkheads as permanent load securement devices.

Divider Sheets

Usually currogated, solid fibreboard or plywood sheets used at interface of different size, height or density containers to reduce creasing and provide some cushioning.

Dividers

A device, made of various materials, which separates the space within a container into two or more spaces, cells, compartments, or layers. Dividers may be plain, interlocking, scored, horizontal, vertical, or diagonal. The primary purpose of dividers is to separate the articles and/or to furnish cushioning.

Divisional or Intermediate Gate

The structure placed within the load to divide the load into individual units or to segregate loads of different types and sizes of container or commodities.

Dock Bumpers

Cushioning devices (rubber, plastic, wood, etc.) mounted at the extreme rear of a chassis or trailer to take the impact when it backs into a loading dock or platform (road cargo).

Dock Plate

See Bridge Plate.

Dock Receipt

Document issued by a shipping line acknowledging that goods are received for shipment.

Document

Anything printed, written, relied upon to record or prove something.

Document Holder

Usually fastened to the door on the front of a container. May contain e.g. a certificate of approval of the container.

Dolly

A low platform or structure mounted on small wheels or casters, designed primarily for moving loads short distances.

Domestic Carriage

Carriage wherey the place of departure and the place of destination are situated within one country (aircargo).

Domestic Rate

Rate appliccable within a country and in most cases subject to special conditions other than those of I.A.T.A. (aircargo).

Door Lock Bars

See Bars.

Door to Door Transport

See House to House Transport.

Doorpost, nailable steel

Rail car doorposts provided with metal channels to accept nails for installation of steel strap doorway protection.

Doorposts

Steel or wood uprights forming the sides of the door openings in closed rail vehicles.

Doorway Area

The part of rail vehicle that exists between doorposts.

Doorway Protection

When there is a possibility of lading falling or rolling out of doorway or coming in contact with sliding side doors, openings must be protected with wood doorway protection, steel straps or other material of sufficient strength and number and adequately secured. Cars equipped with plug type doors loaded with cylindrical items such as rolls of paper or drums require doorway protection unless specifically exempted by applicable commodity pamphlets.

Double Banking

Two vessels moored alongside each other on a certain berth.

Double-deck Pallet

Flat pallet with a top and bottom deck.

Double-Door Car

Boxcars having two side doors on each side of the car. May be plug, sliding or combination of both.

Double-Face Corrugated

See Corrugated Fibreboard - Single Wall (also called Double Faced).

Double Seam

Joint formed by curling head or bottom flange over and around body flange of a container resulting in a chime section of five thicknesses of metal and forming an extra strong leakproof joint.

Double Stack Train

A number of railway wagons, usually a block train, on which containers can be stacked two-high.

Double-Wall Car

A double surface boxcar having both sheathing and car lining.

Double Wall Corrugated

See Corrugated Fibreboard - Double Wall.

Draft

The draft of a vessel is the vertical distance between the waterline and the underside of the keel of the vessel. During the construcion of a vessel the marks showing the draft are welded on each side of the vessel near the stem, the stern and amidships. Synonym: Draught.

Draft Gear

The unit which forms the connection between the coupler rigging and the center sill. The purpose of this unit is to receive the shocks incidental to train movements and coupling of cars and so cushion the force of impact that the maximum unit stress is brought within the capacity of the car structure.

Draught

See Draft.

Drawback

Repayment of any part of customs or excise duties previously collected on imported goods, when those goods are exported again.

Drayage

1) The hauling of a load by a cart with detachable sides (dray).
2) Road transportation between the nearest railway terminal and the stuffing place. Synonym: Connecting Road Haulage.

Drilling Rig

A structure, which sinks wells in the bottom in order to search for oil.

Dropoff Charge

Charge made by container owner and/or terminal operators for delivery of a leased, or pool container into depot stock. The dropoff charge may be a combination of actual handling and storage charges with surcharges.

D.R.P.-I

See Distribution Requirements Planning.

D.R.P.-II

See Distribution Resource Planning.

Drum

A) Fibre - A cylindrical shipping container with straight sides, made of paperboard, used as shipping container for domestic and export shipping of dry powders, dry solids, semi-liquids and liquids. Top and bottom may be made of paperboard, steel, plywood, solid wood, kraft-covered wood, kraft-covered steel or other materials. Capacities range from 3/4 gallon to 75 gallons. Diameters range from about 8" to about 23". Depths range from about 3 inches to about 42".
B) Metal - A cylindrical shipping container, made of metal, single wall, with either double-head (top and bottom), partial opening (for closure by plug and flange), with convex or flat head or flat full removable-head construction. Usually ranging from 12 gallon to 110 gallon capacity.